Meaning
In mathematics, orthogonality represents a general description of objects being perpendicular some sense. In the case of vectors, it is quite intuitive to check as the dot products of two pependicular (orthogonal) vectors is zero
- Two vectors are orthogonal if
- Two functions are orthogonal if
the , functions for instance.
- Two (mean-free) random variables are orthogonal if they are uncorrelated, i.e.,